Today we will be going through the major movements in art and design in the 20th century. We will also review the Principles and Elements of Design. This will be on your final test.

Crash Course on the History of Design in the 20th Century.

A brief overview of the most important designers and important turning points in Design History in the 20th century.

This will be on the final test. This is what you will be given on the final test. You will be required to match the events with the years they occured. You can be within plus or minus 5 years in your answers. BE AWARE! As an example I have put the events in the correct order below. They will not look like this in the test.

design history

Heres some more background on each era, and more information that we went through in class.

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1905: Offset Printing Discovered by accident

Offset printing is a commonly used printing technique where the inked image is transferred (or “offset”) from a plate to a rubber blanket, then to the printing surface.

1909: Fillipo Marinetti Writes Fururist Manifesto

The Futurist Manifesto, written by the Italian poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, was published in French in Le Figaro on 20 February 1909. It launched an art movement, Futurism, that rejected the past; celebrated speed, machinery, and industry; and sought the modernisation and cultural rejuvenation of Italy.

Frank Lloyd Wright Makes Robie House

Charles Rennie Macintosh Makes “Glasgow School of Art”

1919: Walter Gropius renames his school. Bauhaus is born

Bauhaus is a school in germany where they taught crafts and the fine arts, and was famous for the approach to design that it publicized and taught. It operated from 1919 to 1933.

1919: Russian Constructivism Starts up. They want to stop making art for arts sake.

Kurt Schwitters

El Lissitzky

Rodchenko

1920: Dadaism grows.

Dada or Dadaism is a cultural movement that began in neutral Zürich, Switzerland, during World War I and peaked from 1916 to 1920. The movement primarily involved visual arts, literature (poetry, art manifestoes, art theory), theatre, and graphic design, and concentrated its anti war politics through a rejection of the prevailing standards in art through anti-art cultural works.

1925: Andre Breton Writes Surrealist Manifesto. Freud is talking about his mom.

1933: Nazis Close Bauhaus.

1934: Constructivism ends and is seen as “anti-revolutionary”.socialist realism replaces it.

1938: In fear of war, Bauhaus masters/teachers move to America. (Josef Albers, Mies Van Der Roe, Gropius, Herbert Bayer , Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, El Lissitzky )

1945: War Ends. America gets rich. Has lots of babies. Bauhaus immigrants makes stuff for American consumer culture.

1952: Swiss Modernism gets trendy

1958: Mies Van Der Roe makes skyscrapers and cubicles. Completes Seagram building in nyc.

1968: New Wave Design

In design, New Wave refers to an approach to typography that actively defies strict grid-based organizing conventions. Characteristics include inconsistent letterspacing, varying typeweights within single words and type set at unusual angles.

Dan Friedman : New Wave Typography

1985: Personal Computers become widely available

1985: Deconstructivism begins.

Deconstructivism in architecture, also called deconstruction, is a development of postmodern architecture that began in the late 1980s. It is characterized by ideas of fragmentation, an interest in manipulating ideas of a structure’s surface or skin, non-rectilinear shapes which serve to distort and dislocate some of the elements of architecture, such as structure and envelope.